No. 08–861, Free Enterprise Fund et al. v. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board et al.

Argued December 7, 2009

            Michael A. Carvin argued the cause for petitioners.  With him on the briefs were Noel J. Francisco, Christian G. Vergonis, Kenneth W. Starr, Viet D. Dinh, Sam Kazman, and Hans Bader.

            Solicitor General Kagan argued the cause for the United States.  With her on the brief were Assistant Attorney General West, Deputy Solicitor General Kneedler, Curtis E. Gannon, Mark B. Stern, Mark R. Freeman, David M. Becker, Mark D. Cahn, Jacob H. Stillman, and John W. Avery.

            Jeffrey A. Lamken argued the cause for respondents.  With him on the brief were Robert K. Kry, James R. Doty, J. Gordon Seymour, Jacob N. Lesser, and Mary I. Peters.

                Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal were filed for the American Civil Rights Union et al. by Peter Ferrara, for the Cato Institute et al. by Gene C. Schaerr, Steffen N. Johnson, Linda T. Coberly, and Ilya Shapiro; for the Center for Individual Rights by Michael E. Rosman; for the Coalition for Fair Lumber Imports by Kannon K. Shanmugam; for the Mountain States Legal Foundation by J. Scott Detamore; for Law Professor Stephen Bainbridge et al. by Donna M. Nagy; for William P. Barr et al. by Helgi C. Walker, Daniel J. Popeo, and Richard A. Samp; and for Law Professor Steven G. Calabresi et al. by Christopher S. Yoo.

Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the Center for Audit Quality by Douglas R. Cox and Michael J. Scanlon; for Constitutional and Administrative Law Professor Harold H. Bruff et al. by Caitlin J. Halligan, Gillian E. Metzger, pro se, and Henry Paul Monaghan, pro se; for Former Chairmen of the Securities and Exchange Commission by Richard H. Pildes, Christopher J. Meade, and Catherine M. A. Carroll; and for the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy by Noel L. Allen.

Briefs of amici curiae were filed for the Claremont Institute Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence by John C. Eastman; and for the Council of Institutional Investors et al. by Gregory S. Coleman, Christian J. Ward, Ira M. Millstein, Harvey J. Goldschmid, Gregory W. Smith, Peter H. Mixon, and Luke Bierman.

*   *   *   *

No.  08–964, Bilski et al. v. Kappos, Acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and Acting Director, Patent and Trademark Office

Argued November 9, 2009

            J. Michael Jakes argued the cause for petitioners.  With him on the briefs were Erika H. Arner, Ronald E. Myrick, and Denise W. DeFranco.

            Deputy Solicitor General Stewart argued the cause for respondent.  With him on the brief were former Solicitor General Kagan, Assistant Attorney General West, Ginger D. Anders, Scott R. McIntosh, Cameron F. Kerry, Raymond T. Chen, Thomas W. Krause, and Scott C. Weidenfeller.

                Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal were filed for the American Intellectual Property Law Association by William K. West, Jr.; for the Association Internationale Pour la Protection de la Propriété Intellectuelle et al. by R. Mark Halligan; for AwakenIP, LLC, by Joel H. Thornton and Jeffrey R. Kuester; for Borland Software Corp. by Scott S. Kokka; for the Boston Patent Law Association by Joel R. Leeman, Steven J. Henry, and Ilan N. Barzilay; for Caris Diagnostics, Inc., by Gideon A. Schor; for the Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense Fund by Andrew L. Schlafly; for Entrepreneurial Software Companies by Robert Greene Sterne, Michael D. Specht, and Michelle K. Holoubek; for the Fédération Internationale des Conseils en Propriété Industrielle by Maxim H. Waldbaum; for the Franklin Pierce Law Center by Ann M. McCrackin and Thomas G. Field, Jr.; for the Georgia Biomedical Partnership, Inc., by William H. Kitchens; for the Intellectual Property Section of the Nevada State Bar by Robert C. Ryan, Charles Dominick Lombino, and Bryce K. Earl; for Regulatory Datacorp, Inc., et al. by John F. Duffy, John A. Squires, Walter G. Hanchuk, and Charles M. Fish; for the University of South Florida by Jeff Lloyd; and for Raymond C. Meiers by Gregg W. Emch.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the American Bar Association by Carolyn B. Lamm and Thomas C. Goldstein; for Bank of America Corp. et al. by Seth P. Waxman, Randolph D. Moss, Catherine M. A. Carroll, and William F. Lee; for Bloomberg L.P. by Kelsey I. Nix; for the Business Software Alliance by Andrew J. Pincus and Dan Himmelfarb; for the Center for Advanced Study and Research in Intellectual Property of the University of Washington School of Law et al. by Richard H. Stern; for the Computer & Communications Industry Association by Glenn B. Manishin; for Eleven Law Professors et al. by Joshua D. Sarnoff, pro se, and Barbara A. Jones; for Entrepreneurial and Consumer Advocates by Jason M. Schultz and Pamela Samuelson; for the Free Software Foundation by Jerry Cohen; for Internet Retailers by Peter J. Brann; for Microsoft Corp. et al. by Mark A. Perry, Matthew D. McGill, Horacio E. Gutiérrez, T. Andrew Culbert, Jack E. Haken, Kevin C. Ecker, and Todd A. Holmbo; for Red Hat, Inc., by Robert H. Tiller; for the Software Freedom Law Center by Eben Moglen; for the Software & Information Industry Association by Scott E. Bain; for the William Mitchell College of Law, Intellectual Property Institute by R. Carl Moy; for Lee A. Hollaar et al. by David M. Bennion; for Mark Landesmann; and for Timothy F. McDonough by William M. Lamoreaux.

            Briefs of amici curiae were filed for Accenture et al. by Meredith Martin Addy, Charles M. McMahon, and Steven J. Shapiro; for Adamas Pharmaceuticals, Inc., et al. by Karen I. Boyd; for the American Insurance Association et al. by James R. Myers and Jesse J. Jenner; for the American Medical Association et al. by Katherine J. Strandburg, Jonathan E. Singer, and John A. Dragseth; for the Austin Intellectual Property Law Association by Jennifer C. Kuhn; for the Biotechnology Industry Organization et al. by E. Anthony Figg, Nancy J. Linck, Minaksi Bhatt, Martha Cassidy, Howard W. Bremer, and P. Martin Simpson, Jr.; for the Conejo Valley Bar Association by Steven C. Sereboff, M. Kala Sarvaiya, Mark A. Goldstein, and Michael D. Harris; for Dolby Laboratories, Inc., et al. by John L. Cooper, Nan E. Joesten, and Deepak Gupta; for Double Rock Corp. et al. by Charles R. Macedo, Anthony F. Lo Cicero, and Norajean McCaffrey; for the Federal Circuit Bar Association by James F. McKeown; for the Foundation for a Free Information Infrastructure et al. by Allonn E. Levy; for the Houston Intellectual Property Law Association by Howard L. Speight; for the Intellectual Property Law Association of Chicago by Edward D. Manzo, Patrick G. Burns, Donald W. Rupert, and John R. Crossan; for the Intellectual Property Owners Association by George L. Graff, Eric E. Bensen, and Steven W. Miller; for International Business Machines Corp. by Catherine E. Stetson, Jessica L. Ellsworth, and Kenneth R. Corsello; for Knowledge Ecology International by Michael H. Davis; for Legal OnRamp by Catriona M. Collins; for Medtronic, Inc., by Lawrence M. Sung and Jeff E. Schwartz; for Monogram Biosciences, Inc., et al. by  Narinder S. Banait, Tyler Baker, Daniel R. Brownstone, Stuart P. Meyer, and Robert R. Sachs; for Novartis Corp. by Jeffrey A. Lamken; for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America by Harry J. Roper, Paul M. Smith, and Marc A. Goldman; for Prometheus Laboratories Inc. by Richard P. Bress, J. Scott Ballenger, and Alexander Maltas; for the San Diego Intellectual Property Law Association by Robert C. Laurenson and Douglas E. Olson; for Telecommunication Systems, Inc., by Robert P. Greenspoon and William W. Flachsbart; for TELES AG by Thomas S. Biemer and Philip J. Foret; for Time Systems, Inc., by Stuart P. Meyer and Tyler A. Baker; for the Washington State Patent Law Association by Peter J. Knudsen and Michael J. Swope; for Yahoo! Inc. by Christopher J. Wright and Timothy J. Simeone; for Dr. Ananda Chakrabarty by F. Scott Kieff and Richard A. Epstein; for Kevin Emerson Collins by Mr. Collins, pro se; for Peter S. Menell et al. by Mr. Menell, pro se; for Gary W. Odom et al. by Jonathan E. Mansfield; for Robert R. Sachs et al. by Mr. Sachs and Daniel R. Brownstone, both pro se; for John P. Sutton by Mr. Sutton, pro se; and for 20 Law and Business Professors by Mark A. Lemley, Ted M. Sichelman, and Michael V. Risch, all pro se.

*   *   *   *

No. 08–1371, Christian Legal Society Chapter of the University of California, Hastings College of the Law, aka Hastings Christian Fellowship v. Martinez et al.

Argued April 19, 2010

            Michael W. McConnell argued the cause for petitioner.  With him on the briefs were Kimberlee Wood Colby, Gregory S. Baylor, Timothy J. Tracey, and M. Casey Mattox.

            Gregory G. Garre argued the cause for respondents. With him on the brief for respondents Hastings College of the Law were Maureen E. Mahoney, J. Scott Ballenger, Lori Alvino McGill, and Ethan P. Schulman.  Paul M. Smith, Duane C. Pozza, Shannon P. Minter, and Christopher F. Stoll filed a brief for respondent-intervenor Hastings Outlaw.

                Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal were filed for the State of Michigan et al. by Michael A. Cox, Attorney General of Michigan, B. Eric Restuccia, Solicitor General, by Joel D. McGormley, and Laura L. Moody, Assistant Attorney General, and by the Attorneys General for their respective States as follows: Troy King of Alabama, John W. Suthers of Colorado, Bill McCollum of Florida, Lawrence G. Wasden of Idaho, James D. “Buddy” Caldwell of Louisiana, Jon Bruning of Nebraska, Gary K. King of New Mexico, Thomas W. Corbett, Jr., of Pennsylvania, Henry D. McMaster of South Carolina, Marty J. Jackley of South Dakota, Mark L. Shurtleff of Utah, Kenneth T. Cuccinelli II of Virginia, and Darrell V. McGraw, Jr., of West Virginia; for Advocates International by Samuel E. Ericsson and Samuel B. Casey; for Agudath Israel of America by Jeffrey Ira Zuckerman and David Zwiebel; for the American Center for Law and Justice et al. by Jay Alan Sekulow, Stuart J. Roth, Walter M. Weber, Paul D. Clement, and Adam M. Conrad; for the American Islamic Congress et al. by Douglas Laycock, Kevin J. Hasson, Eric C. Rassbach, and Hannah C. Smith; for the Boy Scouts of America by George A. Davidson, Carla A. Kerr, Scott H. Christensen, and David K. Park; for the Cato Institute by Richard A. Epstein and Ilya Shapiro; for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence by Anthony T. Caso and Edwin Meese III; for Christian Medical and Dental Associations et al. by Thomas C. Berg, Richard W. Garnett IV, Kelly J. Shackelford, and Hiram S. Sasser III; for Commissioned II Love Outreach Ministries et al. by Steven W. Fitschen; for Evangelical Scholar Eugene H. Merrill et al. by Timothy Belz and Carl H. Esbeck; for the Foundation for Individual Rights in Education et al. by Harvey A. Silverglate and Greg Lukianoff; for the Justice and Freedom Fund by James L. Hirsen and Deborah J. Dewart; for Liberty Counsel et al. by Mathew D. Staver, Anita L. Staver, Stephen M. Crampton, and Mary E. McAlister; for the Pacific Justice Institute et al. by Peter D. Lepiscopo; for The Rutherford Institute by John W. Whitehead and James J. Knicely; for the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America by Nathan J. Diament, Michael S. Lazaroff, and Mark D. Harris; and for the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops by Anthony R. Picarello, Jr., and Jeffrey Hunter Moon.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the American Bar Association by Carolyn B. Lamm, A. Stephen Hut, Jr., and Paul R. Q. Wolfson; for the American Civil Liberties Union et al. by Steven R. Shapiro, Matthew A. Coles, James D. Esseks, Daniel Mach, and Heather L. Weaver; for the American Council on Education et al. by H. Christopher Bartolomucci and Ada Meloy; for the American Humanist Association et al. by Robert V. Ritter; for the American Jewish Committee et al. by Samuel Estreicher, D. Theodore Rave, Jr., Kara H. Stein, Ayesha N. Khan, and David Saperstein; for the Anti-Defamation League et al. by Robert G. Sugarman, Steven M. Freeman, and Steven C. Sheinberg; for Associated Students of the University of California, Hastings College of Law, by Simon J. Frankel and Kelly P. Finley; for the Association of American Law Schools by Sherry F. Colb; for the Center for Inquiry by Carmine D. Boccuzzi, Jorge G. Tenreiro, Ronald A. Lindsay, and Derek C. Araujo; for the International Municipal Lawyers Association et al. by Deanne E. Maynard, Seth M. Galanter, Charles W. Thompson, Jr., and John Daniel Reaves; for the Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, Inc., et al. by Clifford M. Sloan, Bradley A. Klein, Jon W. Davidson, Susan L. Sommer, Gary D. Buseck, and Mary L. Bonauto; for the National LGBT Bar Association et al. by Michael T. Reynolds; for the National School Boards Association et al. by Lisa S. Blatt, Trenton H. Norris, Francisco M. Negrón, Jr., and Naomi E. Gittins; and for State Universities et al. by Andrew J. Pincus, Charles Rothfeld, and Scott L. Shuchart.

Briefs of amici curiae were filed for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts et al. by Martha Coakley, Attorney General of Massachusetts, Irving L. Gornstein, Kathryn E. Tarbert, and Walter Dellinger, and by the Attorneys General for their respective States as follows: Douglas F. Gansler of Maryland, and William H. Sorrell of Vermont; for the Association of Christian Schools International et al. by Stuart J. Lark; for the Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty et al. by J. Brent Walker, K. Hollyn Hollman, and James T. Gibson; for the Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund by Andrew L. Schlafly; for Gays and Lesbians for Individual Liberty by Thomas G. Hungar; for the Society of American Law Teachers by Robert M. Abrahams and Daniel L. Greenberg; and for Students for Life America et al. by James Bopp, Jr.

*   *   *   *

No. 08–1521, McDonald et al. v. City of Chicago, Illinois

Argued March 2, 2010

            Alan Gura argued the cause for petitioners.  With him on the briefs was David G. Sigale.  Paul D. Clement argued the cause for the National Rifle Association of America, Inc., et al., respondents in support of petitioners.   On the briefs were Stephen D. Poss, Kevin P. Martin, Scott B. Nardi, Joshua S. Lipshutz, and Stephen P. Halbrook.

            James A. Feldman argued the cause for respondent City of Chicago et al.  With him on the brief were Benna Ruth Solomon, Myriam Zreczny Kasper, Suzanne M. Loose, and Andrew W. Worseck.

                Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal were filed for the State of Texas et al. by Greg Abbott, Attorney General of Texas, James C. Ho, Solicitor General, C. Andrew Weber, First Assistant Attorney General, David S. Morales, Deputy Attorney General, Sean D. Jordan, Deputy Solicitor General, and Candice N. Hance, Assistant Attorney General, and by the Attorneys General for their respective States as follows: Troy King of Alabama, Daniel S. Sullivan of Alaska, Terry Goddard of Arizona, Dustin McDaniel of Arkansas, John W. Suthers of Colorado, Bill McCollum of Florida, Thurbert E. Baker of Georgia, Lawrence G. Wasden of Idaho, Gregory F. Zoeller of Indiana, Steve Six of Kansas, Jack Conway of Kentucky, James D. “Buddy” Caldwell of Louisiana, Janet T. Mills of Maine, Michael A. Cox of Michigan, Lori Swanson of Minnesota, Jim Hood of Mississippi, Chris Koster of Missouri, Steve Bullock of Montana, Jon Bruning of Nebraska, Catherine Cortez Masto of Nevada, Michael A. Delaney of New Hampshire, Gary K. King of New Mexico, Roy Cooper of North Carolina, Wayne Stenehjem of North Dakota, Richard Cordray of Ohio, W. A. Drew Edmondson of Oklahoma, Thomas W. Corbett, Jr., of Pennsylvania, Patrick C. Lynch of Rhode Island, Henry McMaster of South Carolina, Marty J. Jackley of South Dakota, Robert E. Cooper, Jr., of Tennessee, Mark L. Shurtleff of Utah, William C. Mims of Virginia, Robert M. McKenna of Washington, Darrell V. McGraw, Jr., of West Virginia, J. B. Van Hollen of Wisconsin, and Bruce A. Salzburg of Wyoming; for Academics for the Second Amendment by Joseph Edward Olson and David T. Hardy; for the American Center for Law and Justice by Jay Alan Sekulow, Stuart J. Roth, Colby M. May, James M. Henderson, Sr., and John P. Tuskey; for the American Civil Rights Union et al. by Peter J. Ferrara; for the American Legislative Exchange Council by Rick A. Haberman and K. Scott Hamilton; for Appellants from the Ninth Circuit Incorporation Case of Nordyke v. King et al. by Donald E. J. Kilmer, Jr., and Jason A. Davis; for Arms Keepers by Andrew T. Hyman; for the Buckeye Firearms Foundation, Inc., et al. by L. Kenneth Hanson III; for the Calguns Foundation, Inc., by Erik S. Jaffe; for the Cato Institute et al. by M. Reed Hopper, Timothy Sandefur, Robert A. Levy, and Ilya Shapiro; for Constitutional Law Professors by Douglas T. Kendall, Elizabeth B. Wydra, and David H. Gans; for the Foundation for Moral Law by John A. Eidsmoe and Benjamin D. DuPré; for Gun Owners of America, Inc., et al. by William J. Olson, Herbert W. Titus, and John S. Miles; for the Heartland Institute by Nancy Lee Carlson; for the International Law Enforcement Educators and Trainers Association et al. by David B. Kopel; for Jews for the Preservation of Firearms Ownership by Daniel L. Schmutter; for the Maryland Arms Collectors’ Association, Inc., by Don B. Kates; for the National Shooting Sports Foundation, Inc., by Lawrence G. Keane, Christopher P. Johnson, and Laurin B. Grollman; for the Paragon Foundation, Inc., by Paul M. Kienzle III; for Professors of Philosophy et al. by Marc James Ayers and Mr. Kates; for Rocky Mountain Gun Owners et al. by Steven J. Lechner; for Safari Club International by Douglas S. Burdin and Anna M. Seidman; for State Firearm Associations by James W. Hryekewicz; for State Legislators by John Parker Sweeney and T. Sky Woodward; for Thirty-Four California District Attorneys et al. by C. D. Michel, Glenn S. McRoberts, and Hillary J. Green; for Women State Legislators et al. by Sarah Anne Gervase and M. Carol Bambery; and for Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison et al. by Mr. Clement, Jeffrey S. Bucholtz, and Adam Conrad.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the State of Illinois et al. by Lisa Madigan, Attorney General of Illinois, Michael A. Scodro, Solicitor General, Jane Elinor Notz, Deputy Solicitor General, and David A. Simpson, Assistant Attorney General, and by the Attorneys General for their respective States as follows: Douglas F. Gansler of Maryland and Anne Milgram of New Jersey; for American Cities et al. by Henry C. Su, Jerrold J. Ganzfried, Anita Alvarez, Paul A. Castiglione, Dennis J. Herrera, Jean Boler, Linda Meng, George A. Nilson, William R. Phelan, Jr., Randy Riddle, and Matthew D. Ruyak; for the Anti-Defamation League by Leonard M. Niehoff, Martin E. Karlinsky, Mark S. Finkelstein, Steven M. Freeman, and Steven C. Sheinberg; for the Association of Prosecuting Attorneys et al. by Clifford M. Sloan and Geoffrey M. Wyatt; for Historians on Early American Legal, Constitutional, and Pennsylvania History by Roderick M. Thompson; for the Oak Park Citizens Committee for Handgun Control by Robert N. Hochman, Carter G. Phillips, Jeffrey T. Green, and Christopher G. Walsh, Jr.; for Professors of Criminal Justice by Elizabeth A. Ritvo, Amanda Buck Varella, and Albert W. Wallis; for Thirty-Four Professional Historians and Legal Historians by Matthew M. Shors; for the United States Conference of Mayors by Lawrence Rosenthal and John Daniel Reaves; for the Villages of Winnetka and Skokie, Illinois, et al. by David T. Goldberg, Sean H. Donahue, Charles W. Thompson, Jr., and Katherine S. Janega; and for Representative Carolyn McCarthy et al. by Jennifer Milici and Christopher L. Hayes.

Briefs of amici curiae were filed for the American Public Health Association et al. by Julie D. Cantor and H. Philip Grossman; for theBoard of Education of the City of Chicago et al. by Charles M. Dyke; for the Brady Center to Prevent Gun Violence et al. by A. Stephen Hut, Jr., Paul R. Q. Wolfson, D. Hien Tran, Jonathan E. Lowy, and Daniel R. Vice; for the Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence by Anthony T. Caso, John C. Eastman, and Edwin Meese III; for the Eagle Forum Education and Legal Defense Fund by Andrew L. Schlafly; for the Educational Fund to Stop Gun Violence by John E. Schreiber; for English/Early American Historians by Robert A. Goodin and Francine T. Radford; for the Goldwater Institute et al. by Clint Bolick, Nicholas C. Dranias, and Benjamin Barr; for Historians and Legal Scholars by Linda T. Coberly; for the Institute for Justice by William H. Mellor, Clark M. Neily III, and Robert J. McNamara; for Law Professor and Students by Douglas A. Berman, pro se, and William B. Saxbe; for the NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund, Inc., by John Payton, Debo P. Adegbile, Dale E. Ho, and Joshua Civin; and for the Rutherford Institute by John W. Whitehead.