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No. 09–1298, General Dynamics Corp. v. United States; and No. 09–1302, Boeing Co., Successor to McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. United States

Argued January 18, 2011

          Carter G. Phillips argued the cause for petitioners in both cases.  On the briefs in No. 09–1298 were Paul M. Smith, David A. Churchill, Elaine J. Goldenberg, and Joshua M. Segal.  On the briefs in No. 09–1302 were Charles J. Cooper, Michael W. Kirk, David Lehn, Grant M. Dixton, and Lynda Guild Simpson.

           Acting Solicitor General Katyal argued the cause for the United States in both cases.  With him on the brief were Assistant Attorney General West, Deputy Solicitor General Stewart, Pratik A. Shah, Bryant G. Snee, Douglas Letter, Sydney Foster, and Thomas N. Ledvina.

           Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal in both cases were filed for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America by Mr. Phillips, Richard D. Klingler, Kathleen M. Mueller, and Robin S. Conrad; for the Constitution Project by David M. Gossett and Sharon Bradford Franklin; andfor the National Defense Industrial Association by Deanne E. Maynard and Brian R. Matsui.

            Jon B. Eisenberg, Cindy A. Cohn, Kurt Opsahl, James S. Tyre, Richard R. Wiebe, Thomas H. Nelson, and Lisa R. Jaskol filed a brief in both cases for the Al-Haramain Islamic Foundation, Inc., et al. as amici curiae.

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No. 09–1233, Brown, Governor of California, et al. v. Plata et al.

Argued November 30, 2010

            Carter G. Phillips argued the cause for appellants.  With him on the briefs were Edmund G. Brown, Jr., Attorney General of California, James M. Humes, Chief Deputy Attorney General, Manuel M. Medeiros, State Solicitor General, Gordon Burns, Deputy Solicitor General, Jonathan L. Wolff and Rochelle C. East, Senior Assistant Attorneys General, Kyle A. Lewis and Danielle F. O’Bannon, Deputy Attorneys General, Eamon P. Joyce, Jerrold C. Schaefer, Paul B. Mello, S. Anne Johnson, Samantha D. Wolff, and Renju P. Jacob.  Steven S. Kaufhold, Chad A. Stegeman, Thomas C. Goldstein, Troy D. Cahill, Gary S. Olson, Charles V. Fennessey, Rod Pacheco, William E. Mitchell, Alan D. Tate, and Martin J. Mayer filed briefs for California State Republican Legislators et al., appellees under this Court’s Rule 18.2, urging reversal.

            Donald Specter argued the cause for appellees.  With him on the briefs for Plata appellees was Rebekah Evenson.  Paul D. Clement, Ashley C. Parrish, Michael W. Bien, Jane E. Kahn, Ernest Galvan, Amy Whelan, Lisa Ells, Mr. Specter, and Ms. Evenson filed a brief for Coleman appellees.  Laurie J. Hepler, Gregg McLean Adam, Gonzalo C. Martinez, Jeffrey L. Fisher, Pamela S. Karlan, Daniel M. Lindsay, and David A. Sanders filed a brief for California Correctional Peace Officers’ Association, appellee under this Court’s Rule 18.2, urging affirmance.

           A brief of amici curiae urging reversal was filed for the State of Louisiana et al. by James D. “Buddy” Caldwell, Attorney General of Louisiana, James Trey Phillips, First Assistant Attorney General, S. Kyle Duncan, Appellate Chief, Sarah Vandenbraak Hart, and Ronald Eisenberg, and by the Attorneys General for their respective States as follows: Troy King of Alabama, Daniel S. Sullivan of Alaska, Dustin McDaniel of Arkansas, John W. Suthers of Colorado, Joseph R. Biden III of Delaware, Lisa Madigan of Illinois, Martha Coakley of Massachusetts, Michael A. Cox of Michigan, Jim Hood of Mississippi, Gary King of New Mexico, Richard Cordray of Ohio, W. A. Drew Edmondson of Oklahoma, Thomas W. Corbett, Jr., of Pennsylvania, Henry D. McMaster of South Carolina, Robert E. Cooper, Jr., of Tennessee, Greg Abbott of Texas, and Kenneth T. Cuccinelli II of Virginia.  A brief of amici curiae urging vacation was filed for the Criminal Justice Legal Foundation by Kent S. Scheidegger.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the American Bar Association by Stephen N. Zack, Pierre H. Bergeron, George H. Kendall, and Margaret Colgate Love; for the American Civil Liberties Union et al. by David C. Fathi, David M. Shapiro, Steven R. Shapiro, Wade Henderson, Alvin J. Bronstein, Alan Schlosser, Peter J. Eliasberg, and David Blair-Loy; for the American Psychiatric Association et al. by Aaron M. Panner, Nathalie F. P. Gilfoyle, and Ira A. Burnim; for the American Public Health Association et al. by Lisa S. Blatt and Beth H. Parker; for the Center on the Administration of Criminal Law et al. by J. C. Rozendaal and Anthony S. Barkow; for Corrections and Law Enforcement Personnel by William A. Burck; and for Prison Fellowship et al. by James Stewart, Catherine Weiss, and Kenneth H. Zimmerman.

            Briefs of amici curiae were filed for the Greater Stockton Chamber of Commerce by Steven A. Herum and Brett S. Jolley; and for J. Clark Kelso by George C. Harris, Deanne E. Maynard, and Brian R. Matsui.

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No. 09–115, Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America et al. v. Whiting et al.

Argued December 8, 2010

            Carter G. Phillips argued the cause for petitioners.  With him on the briefs were Eric A. Shumsky, Quin M. Sorenson, Matthew D. Krueger, Robin S. Conrad, Shane B. Kawka, David A. Selden, Julie A. Pace, Heidi Nunn-Gilman, Burt M. Rublin, Daniel Pochoda, Lucas Guttentag, Jennifer Chang Newell, Stephen P. Berzon, Jonathan Weissglass, Steven R. Shapiro, Omar C. Jadwat, Cynthia Valenzuela Dixon, Linton Joaquin, Karen C. Tumlin, Paul F. Eckstein, and Joel W. Nomkin.

            Acting Solicitor General Katyal argued the cause for the United States as amicus curiae urging reversal.  With him on the brief were Assistant Attorneys General West and Perez, Deputy Assistant Attorney General Bagenstos, William M. Jay, Mark L. Gross, and Nathaniel S. Pollock.

           Mary R. O’Grady, Solicitor General of Arizona, argued the cause for respondents.  With her on the brief were Terry Goddard, Attorney General, Kathleen P. Sweeney and Christopher A. Munns, Assistant Attorneys General, Roger W. Hall, Eileen Gilbride, and Daniel S. Jurkowitz.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal were filed for the Asian American Justice Center et al. by Kevin M. Fong, Pamela S. Karlan, Karen K. Narasaki, Steven M. Freeman, Steven C. Sheinberg, Kenneth Kimerling, Cesar A. Perales, Sarah C. Crawford, Audrey Wiggins, Christopher Ho, Araceli Martínez-Olguín, Rebecca Smith, and Mary Bauer; for Business Organizations by Walter Dellinger and Sri Srinivasan; for the Equal Employment Advisory Council by Rae T. Vann and Judith A. Lampley; for the National Immigrant Justice Center et al. by Linda T. Coberly, Gene C. Schaerr, and Steffen N. Johnson; for the Service Employees International Union by Leon Dayan and Laurence Gold; and for Representative Romano L. Mazzoli et al. by Paul M. Smith and Lindsay C. Harrison. 

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the State of Missouri et al. by Chris Koster, Attorney General of Missouri, James R. Layton, Solicitor General, Jeremiah J. Morgan, Deputy Solicitor General, and Arax R. Corn, Assistant Attorney General, and by the Attorneys General for their respective States as follows: Troy King of Alabama, Dustin McDaniel of Arkansas, Steve Six of Kansas, James D. Caldwell of Louisiana, Michael A. Cox of Michigan, Jim Hood of Mississippi, Jon Bruning of Nebraska, Wayne Stenehjem of North Dakota, Henry D. McMaster of South Carolina, Robert E. Cooper, Jr., of Tennessee, Mark L. Shurtleff of Utah, and Kenneth T. Cuccinelli II of Virginia; for the American Center for Law and Justice by Jay Alan Sekulow, Stuart J. Roth, Colby M. May, John P. Tuskey, and Laura B. Hernandez; for the American Unity Legal Defense Fund by Barnaby W. Zall; for the Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund by Lawrence J. Joseph; for the Immigration Reform Law Institute by Michael M. Hethmon; for NumbersUSA Education & Research Foundation by J. E. McNeil; and for State Senator Russell Pearce by Paul J. Orfanedes and James F. Peterson.

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No. 09–1498, United States v. Tinklenberg

Argued February 22, 2011

            Matthew D. Roberts argued the cause for the United States.  With him on the briefs were Acting Solicitor General Katyal, Assistant Attorney General Breuer, Acting Deputy Solicitor General McLeese, and Joseph C. Wyderko.

            Jeffrey L. Fisher argued the cause for respondent.  With him on the brief were Steve S. Nolder, Kevin M. Schad and Pamela S. Karlan.

            Dennis G. Terez, Melissa M. Salinas, and David M. Porter filed a brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers as amicus curiae urging affirmance.

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No. 10–5443, Fowler v. United States

Argued March 29, 2011

            Stephen M. Crawford argued the cause for petitioner.  With him on the briefs was Kenneth S. Siegel.

            Sarah E. Harrington argued the cause for the United States.  With her on the brief were Acting Solicitor General Katyal, Assistant Attorney General Breuer, Deputy Solicitor General Dreeben, and Kirby A. Heller.

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No. 09–1454, Camreta v. Greene, Personally and as Next Friend For S. G. et al., Minors; and
No. 09–1478, Alford, Deputy Sheriff, Deschutes County, Oregon v. Greene et al.

Argued March 1, 2011

            John R. Kroger, Attorney General of Oregon, argued the cause for petitioners in both cases.  With him on the briefs for petitioner in No. 09–1454 were Mary H. Williams, Solicitor General and Anna Joyce, Deputy Solicitor General.  Christopher Dennis Bell and Steven Edward Griffin filed briefs for petitioner in No. 09–1478.

           Acting Principal Deputy Solicitor General Kruger argued the cause for the United States as amicus curiae in support of petitioners.  With her on the brief were Acting Solicitor General Katyal, Assistant Attorneys General West and Breuer, Acting Deputy Solicitor General McLeese, Eric J. Feigin, Thomas M. Bondy, Sushma Soni, and John M. Pellettieri.

            Carolyn A. Kubitschek argued the cause for respondents in both cases.  With her on the brief were David J. Lansner, Carolyn Shapiro, Mikel R. Miller, and Robert E. Lehrer.

             Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal in both cases were filed for the State of Arizona et al. by Terry Goddard, Attorney General of Arizona, by Paula S. Bickett, Chief Counsel, by Kathleen P. Sweeney, Dawn R. Williams, and Michelle R. Nimmo, Assistant Attorneys General, by Richard A. Svobodny, Acting Attorney General of Alaska, by Russell A. Suzuki, Acting Attorney General of Hawaii, and by the Attorneys General for their respective jurisdictions as follows: Troy King of Alabama, Dustin McDaniel of Arkansas, Edmund G. Brown, Jr., of California, John W. Suthers of Colorado, Joseph R. Biden III of Delaware, Peter J. Nickles of the District of Columbia, Bill McCollum of Florida, Thurbert E. Baker of Georgia, Lawrence G. Wasden of Idaho, Lisa Madigan of Illinois, Thomas J. Miller of Iowa, Steve Six of Kansas; Jack Conway of Kentucky, James D. “Buddy” Caldwell of Louisiana, Janet T. Mills of Maine, Douglas F. Gansler of Maryland, Michael A. Cox of Michigan, Lori Swanson of Minnesota, Jim Hood of Mississippi, Steve Bullock of Montana, Jon Bruning of Nebraska, Catherine Cortez Masto of Nevada, Michael A. Delaney of New Hampshire, Paula T. Dow of New Jersey, Gary K. King of New Mexico, Wayne Stenehjem of North Dakota, Thomas W. Corbett, Jr., of Pennsylvania, Patrick C. Lynch of Rhode Island, Henry D. McMaster of South Carolina, Marty J. Jackley of South Dakota, Robert E. Cooper, Jr., of Tennessee, Greg Abbott of Texas, Mark L. Shurtleff of Utah, William H. Sorrell of Vermont, Robert M. McKenna of Washington, Darrell V. McGraw, Jr., of West Virginia, J. B. Van Hollen of Wisconsin, and Bruce A. Salzburg of Wyoming; for the Center on the Administration of Criminal Law by Michael Y. Scudder, Jr., and Anthony S. Barkow; for the Cook County, Illinois Public Guardian by Kass A. Plain; and for the National Association of Social Workers et al. by Mary M. Calkins, George E. Quillin, and Carolyn I. Polowy.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance in both cases were filed for the American Family Rights Association et al. by Christopher Landau; for the Center for Law and Education et al. by Linda T. Coberly and Gene C. Schaerr; for the Eagle Forum Education & Legal Defense Fund, Inc., by Lawrence J. Joseph; for the Family Defense Center by Diane L. Redleaf; for the Juvenile Law Center et al. by Marsha Levick and Lourdes Rosado; for the Legal Aid Society, Juvenile Rights Practice by Steven Banks and Gary Solomon; for the Loyola Civitas Childlaw Center et al. by Bruce A. Boyer; for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers et al. by Mark R. Brown and David M. Porter; for the New York University School of Law Family Defense Clinic et al. by Charles L. Kerr, Martin Guggenheim, and Susan Jacobs; for the Pacific Justice Institute et al. by Dennis B. Atchley, David J. Beauvais, Shawn A. McMillan, and Paul W. Leehey; and for the Society of Catholic Social Scientists by Stephen M. Krason, pro se.

            Briefs of amici curiae were filed in both cases for the Battered Women’s Resource Center et al. by Lauren E. Handel and Malinda Morain; for the California State Association of Counties et al. by Gary C. Seiser and John E. B. Myers; for the Center for Individual Rights by Michael E. Rosman; for the Children’s Advocacy Institute by Robert C. Fellmeth; for the Children’s Law Section of the State Bar of Michigan by Elizabeth S. Warner; for the District Attorneys of San Diego County et al. by Sophia G. Roach; for the Family Research Council et al. by David Austin R. Nimocks; for Legal Services for Children by John A. Basinger, Michael Atkins, and Angela C. Vigil; for Liberty Counsel by Mathew D. Staver, Anita L. Staver, Stephen M. Crampton, and Mary E. McAlister; for the National School Boards Association et al. by Francisco M. Negrón, Jr., Matthew W. Wright, and David K. Pauole; and for The Rutherford Institute by John W. Whitehead.

            Irene T. Wakabayashi, Phyllis C. Asayama, and Cassandra Hart filed a brief for Los Angeles County, California et al. in No. 09–1478.

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No. 10–98, Ashcroft v. al-Kidd

Argued March 2, 2011

            Acting Solicitor General Katyal argued the cause for petitioner.  With him on the briefs were Assistant Attorney General West, Acting Deputy Solicitor General Kruger, Eric D. Miller, Robert M. Loeb, and Matthew M. Collette.

            Lee Gelernt argued the cause for respondent.  With him on the brief were Steven R. Shapiro, Lucas Guttentag, Michael J. Wishnie, and Cynthia J. Woolley.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal were filed for William P. Barr et al. by Daniel J. Popeo and Richard A. Samp; and for Wesley MacNeil Oliver by Mr. Oliver, pro se.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the Center for Justice and Accountability by Jonathan C. Drimmer and Kathryn J. Gainey; for Former Federal Prosecutors by Aaron R. Marcu; for Human Rights Watch et al. by Joseph F. Tringali and Jeffrey L. Fisher; for Legal History and Criminal Procedure Law Professors by Stephanos Bibas and Peter C. Meier; and for Legal Scholars by Kevin K. Russell and Amy Howe.

            Christopher T. Handman and Sharon Bradford Franklin filed a brief for the Constitution Project as amicus curiae.

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No. 10–06, Global-Tech Appliances, Inc., et al. v. SEB S. A.

Argued February 23, 2011

            William Dunnegan argued the cause for petitioners.  With him on the briefs was Laura Scileppi.

            R. Ted Cruz argued the cause for respondent.  With him on the brief were Allyson N. Ho, Norman H. Zivin, and Wendy E. Miller.

           Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal were filed for the Business Software Alliance by Andrew J. Pincus; for Cisco Systems, Inc., et al. by Seth P. Waxman, Mark C. Fleming, Anthony E. Peterman, and Tina M. Chappell; for the Clearing House Association et al. by Michael S. Connor, Benjamin F. Sidbury, Theresa Conduah, and Kevin Carroll; for Comcast Corp. et al. by Thomas G. Hungar, Matthew D. McGill, and William G. Jenks; for Google Inc. by Robert S. Schwartz and Seth D. Greenstein; for Newegg, Inc., by Peter J. Brann; for the Software Freedom Law Center by Eben Moglen and Daniel Ravicher; and for Yahoo! Inc. et al. by Edward R. Reines, Kevin Kramer, Jacob Schatz, Paul Roeder, and Robert H. Tiller.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the American Intellectual Property Law Association by Peter A. Sullivan and William G. Barber; for Law Professors by Ted Sichelman, pro se; for Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. et al. by James W. Dabney, Stephen S. Rabinowitz, Henry C. Lebowitz, Randy C. Eisensmith, and John F. Duffy; and for the William Mitchell College of Law Intellectual Property Institute by R. Carl Moy.

            Briefs of amici curiae were filed for the Federal Circuit Bar Association by Edgar H. Haug, Chiemi D. Suzuki, and Mark P. Walters; for the Intellectual Property Owners Association by Gary M. Hoffman, Jeffrey K. Sherwood, Douglas K. Norman, and Kevin Rhodes; for the Motion Picture Association of America et al. by Paul D. Clement, Daryl Joseffer, and Adam Conrad; and for 41 Law, Economics, and Business Professors by Mark A. Lemley, pro se.

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No. 09–1159, Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University v. Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., et al.

Argued February 28, 2011

            Donald B. Ayer argued the cause for petitioner.  With him on the briefs were Lawrence D. Rosenberg, Christian G. Vergonis, Jennifer L. Swize, Pamela S. Karlan, Ricardo Rodriguez, Stephen C. Neal, Lori R. E. Ploeger, Michelle S. Rhyu, Benjamin G. Damstedt, Debra L. Zumwalt, and Patrick H. Dunkley.

            Deputy Solicitor General Stewart argued the cause for the United States as amicus curiae urging reversal.  With him on the brief were Acting Solicitor General Katyal, Assistant Attorney General West, Deputy Assistant Attorney General Brinkmann, Nicole A. Saharsky, and Teal Luthy Miller.

           Mark C. Fleming argued the cause for respondents.  With him on the brief were Adrian M. Pruetz, Brian C. Cannon, and Paul R. Q. Wolfson.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal were filed for BayhDole25, Inc., by Douglas D. Salyers, Jeffrey C. Morgan, and Susan Finston; for the National Venture Capital Association by Sri Srinivasan; and for Alexander M. Shukh by Constantine John Gekas.  Briefs of amici curiae urging vacation were filed for the Association of American Universities et al. by Douglas Hallward-Driemeier and James R. Myers; and for John P. Sutton by Mr. Sutton, pro se.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the American Association of University Professors et al. by David P. Swenson; for the Biotechnology Industry Organization by Carter G. Phillips, Jeffrey P. Kushan, and Rachel H. Townsend; for Intel Corp. et al. by Theodore B. Olson, Matthew D. McGill, William G. Jenks, Tina Chappell, Philip S. Johnson, Robert A. Armitage, and Alan Hammond; and for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America by Robert A. Long, Jr., and Alan Pemberton.

            Briefs of amici curiae were filed for the American Intellectual Property Law Association by David W. Hill; for the Intellectual Property Owners Association by George L. Graff, Victoria A. Cundiff, Douglas K. Norman, and Kevin H. Rhodes; and for Birch Bayh by William D. Coston, John F. Cooney, and Michael A. Gollin.

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No. 09–1403, Erica P. John Fund, Inc., fka Archdiocese of Milwaukee Supporting Fund, Inc. v. Halliburton Co. et al.

Argued April 25, 2011

             David Boies argued the cause for petitioner.  With him on the briefs were Carl E. Goldfarb, Justin D. Fitzdam, Lewis Kahn, Neil Rothstein, and E. Lawrence Vincent, Jr.

            Nicole A. Saharsky argued the cause for the United States as amicus curiae in support of petitioner.  With her on the brief were Acting Solicitor General Katyal, Deputy Solicitor General Stewart, Mark D. Cahn, Jacob H. Stillman, and Michael A. Conley.

           David D. Sterling argued the cause for respondents.  With him on the brief were Aaron M. Streett, Evan A. Young, Robb L. Voyles, Jeffrey A. Lamken, Martin V. Totaro, R. Alan York, and Donald E. Godwin.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal were filed for AARP et al. by Jay E. Sushelsky and Rex A. Staples; for Financial Economists by Ernest A. Young, William C. Fredericks, and Ann M. Lipton; for Law Professors by Jill E. Fisch, pro se; for the National Association of Shareholder and Consumer Attorneys by Michael J. Miarmi and Daniel P. Chiplock; for the National Conference on Public Employee Retirement Systems by Robert D. Klausner; for Public Justice, P. C., by Arthur Bryant, F. Paul Bland, Jr., and Lisa M. Mezzetti; and for 16 Public Pension Funds by David C. Frederick, Gregory W. Smith, Cynthia L. Collins, Michael A. Cardozo, Robert L. Pratter, Mr. Fredericks, Ms. Lipton, Jay W. Eisenhofer, Geoffrey C. Jarvis, Jason S. Cowart, and Richard A. Lockridge.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants by Robert L. Byer and Richard I. Miller; for the American Insurance Association et al. by Mark A. Perry; for the Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America by Richard D. Bernstein and Robin S. Conrad; for DRI—The Voice of the Defense Bar by R. Matthew Cairns, Timothy R. McCormick, George Lucas Ashley, and Richard B. Phillips, Jr.; for Law Professors by John P. Elwood and David R. Woodcock, Jr.; for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America by Steven O. Kramer, John M. Landry, Jonathan D. Moss, and Robert J. Stumpf, Jr.; for the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association by Charles E. Davidow, John H. Longwell, Richard A. Rosen, Walter Rieman, and Kevin M. Carroll; and for the Washington Legal Foundation by Daniel J. Popeo and Richard A. Samp.

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No. 10–5258, McNeill v. United States

Argued April 25, 2011

            Stephen C. Gordon argued the cause for petitioner.  With him on the briefs were G. Alan DuBois, James E. Todd, Jr., Eric J. Brignac, Jeffrey T. Green, and Sarah O’Rourke Schrup.

            Curtis E. Gannon argued the cause for the United States.  With him on the briefs were Acting Solicitor General Katyal, Assistant Attorney General Breuer, Deputy Solicitor General Dreeben, and Richard A. Friedman.

            Jonathan D. Hacker, Meaghan McLaine VerGow, Norman L. Reimer, and Mary Price filed a brief for the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers et al. as amici curiae urging vacation.

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No. 10–114, Fox v. Judy Ann Vice, as Executrix of the Estate of Billy Ray Vice, et al.

Argued March 22, 2011

            E. Joshua Rosenkranz argued the cause for petitioner.  With him on the briefs were Jessica S. Pers, Michael K. Gottlieb, J. Steven Broussard, and Randall E. Hart.

            Mark T. Stancil argued the cause for respondents.  With him on the brief were Christopher P. Ieyoub, Kendrick J. Guidry, Toby J. Heytens, Daniel R. Ortiz, Joseph B. Stamey, and John P. Elwood.

             Briefs of amici curiae urging reversal were filed for the American Civil Liberties Union et al. by Andrew G. Celli, Jr., and Debra L. Greenberger; and for the Liberty Institute et al. by Mark C. Fleming, Sydenham B. Alexander III, Hiram S. Sasser III, Ilya Shapiro, Randall L. Wenger, Matthew R. Miller, James Bopp, Jr., and Jeffrey Gallant.

            Briefs of amici curiae urging affirmance were filed for the State of Arkansas et al. by Dustin McDaniel, Attorney General of Arkansas, Ali M. Brady, Assistant Attorney General, and by the Attorneys General for their respective States as follows: Luther Strange of Alabama, John Suthers of Colorado, Joseph R. Biden III of Delaware, Samuel S. Olens of Georgia, David M. Louie of Hawaii, Lawrence G. Wasden of Idaho, James D. “Buddy” Caldwell of Louisiana, William J. Schneider of Maine, Jim Hood of Mississippi, E. Scott Pruitt of Oklahoma, Alan Wilson of South Carolina, Greg Abbott of Texas, Mark L. Shurtleff of Utah, Kenneth T. Cuccinelli II of Virginia, Robert M. McKenna of Washington, and Bruce A. Salzburg of Wyoming; and for the National Conference of State Legislatures et al. by Pierre H. Bergeron.