The Basis System

The Basis Development Team

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Email: basis-devel@lists.llnl.gov

Release 12.1a1
14 November 2007

- Front Matter
Contents
- 1. The Basis System
  - 1.1 Environment Variables
  - 1.2 Basis Is Both a Program and a Development System
  - 1.3 About This Manual
1 Running a Basis Program, A Tutorial
- 2. Getting Started
- 3. The Basis Language
- 4. Graphics
- 5. Text Input and Output
  - 5.1 Stream Input
  - 5.2 Stream Output
- 6. Functions
  - 6.1 Defining Functions
  - 6.2 Arguments Passed by Value
  - 6.3 Further Differences with Fortran
- 7. Built-in and Compiled Functions
  - 7.1 max and min Versus sup and inf
  - 7.2 iota and spanl
  - 7.3 Information about Arrays: length, shape
  - 7.4 Summing Arrays: sum
  - 7.5 Vector Conditionals with where
- 8. Commands
  - 8.1 The Basis Command Capability
- 9. Saving and Restoring Code and Data in Binary
  - 9.1 The PFB Package
  - 9.2 Reading in Previously Saved Data
- 10. Error Recovery and Diagnosis
  - 10.1 Error Recovery
  - 10.2 Syntactic and Semantic Errors
- 11. Deciphering Commands
2 Basis Language Reference
- 12. Basis Input
- 13. Basis Tokens
  - 13.1 What Is A Token ?
  - 13.2 Special Characters
  - 13.3 Alphanumeric and Constant Tokens
- 14. Declaring and Initializing Variables
  - 14.1 GLOBAL declarations
  - 14.2 Package declarations
  - 14.3 Chameleon Variables
  - 14.4 Computed Names
  - 14.5 Range Variables
  - 14.6 The Colon Notation For Vectors
  - 14.7 Indirect Variables
- 15. Expressions
  - 15.1 Introduction
  - 15.2 Operands
  - 15.3 Operators
  - 15.4 Delimiters
  - 15.5 Array References and Operations
  - 15.6 The Concatenation Operator
- 16. Display and Assignment Statements
  - 16.1 Assignment Actions
  - 16.2 Operator Assignments
  - 16.3 The Append Statement
  - 16.4 The Logical IF Statement
  - 16.5 The Structured IF Statement
- 17. WHILE Statement
  - 17.1 WHILE Statement
  - 17.2 BREAK and NEXT Statements
- 18. FOR Statement
- 19. DO Statement
  - 19.1 Uncontrolled DO
  - 19.2 DO-UNTIL
  - 19.3 Controlled DO
- 20. Functions Listed by Type
  - 20.1 Common Mathematical
  - 20.2 Trigonometry
  - 20.3 Type Conversion and Complex Numbers
  - 20.4 Arrays
  - 20.5 Character Manipulation
  - 20.6 Special Purpose
  - 20.7 Obtain/Set Scalar Values
- 21. Built-in Functions
- 22. User-Defined Functions
  - 22.1 Defining Functions
  - 22.2 RETURN
  - 22.3 Local Variables
  - 22.4 CALL Is By Value
  - 22.5 Examples of User Functions
- 23. Compiled Functions
  - 23.1 CALLing By Address
- 24. Defining Your Own Commands
  - 24.1 The COMMAND Statement
  - 24.2 Changing the Default Type of a COMMAND Argument
  - 24.3 Specifying Other Delimiters in a COMMAND Statement
  - 24.4 No Delimiters at All: the COMMAND_L
- 25. The Search Stack
- 26. Package Control Statements
- 27. The CTL Package
- 28. Removing Functions and Variables
- 29. LIST Command
- 30. Obtaining and Setting Scalar Values
- 31. Help and News
- 32. Input , Output , and External File Access
  - 32.1 Reading Basis Code From a Text File
  - 32.2 Resuming Reading
  - 32.3 Printing Messages on the Terminal
  - 32.4 Changing the Destination of Basis Output
- 33. The Stream I/O Facility
  - 33.1 Introduction to Stream I/O
  - 33.2 Opening and Creating Files
  - 33.3 The Input Operator
  - 33.4 The Output Operator
  - 33.5 The Format Function
  - 33.6 Closing File
- 34. The Macro Facility
  - 34.1 Protection Brackets
  - 34.2 DEFINE Statement
  - 34.3 MDEF - MEND Statement
  - 34.4 IFELSE Statement
  - 34.5 UNDEFINE Statement
- 35. Executing System Commands from the Parser
- 36. Timing
- 37. Ending Basis
- 38. Error Recovery
- 39. Interrupting Basis
- 40. List of Reserved Words
- 41. List of Non-Alphanumeric Tokens
- 42. List of Parser Variables
  - 42.1 Variables
  - 42.2 Constants
- 43. List of Compiled Functions
  - 43.1 Working With Attributes
  - 43.2 Help and News
  - 43.3 Memory Management of Dynamic Arrays
  - 43.4 Opening and Closing Files
  - 43.5 Executing User Functions
  - 43.6 Adding Comments to Variables and Functions
  - 43.7 Checking for the Existence of Variables and Functions
  - 43.8 Flushing the Log File
  - 43.9 Using the Switches Array
  - 43.10 Protecting User-Defined Variables and Functions
  - 43.11 Setting Variable Dimension Limits
  - 43.12 Specifying Assignment Actions
  - 43.13 Redefining Array Shapes
  - 43.14 Functions With Variable Numbers of Arguments
  - 43.15 Creating Pauses
  - 43.16 Returning to the Parser
  - 43.17 Recursive Parsing
  - 43.18 RANF and Its Supporting Routines
  - 43.19 Manipulating the External Environment
3 EZN User Manual: The Basis Graphics Package
- 44. Introduction to EZN
  - 44.1 Essential Setups and Simple Experiments
  - 44.2 Incorporating EZN in your program
- 45. Devices
  - 45.1 Device Commands
  - 45.2 CGM File Output
  - 45.3 Working with Windows
  - 45.4 Setting the Background Color
  - 45.5 Setting the Colormap
- 46. The EZN Graphics Model
  - 46.1 The Additive Model
  - 46.2 Controlling Layout
  - 46.3 Plot Command Summary
- 47. Attributes
  - 47.1 Attribute Types
  - 47.2 attr: Setting Attributes
  - 47.3 Attribute Table
- 48. General Plot Commands
  - 48.1 plot: Plotting Curves and Markers
  - 48.2 plotz: Plotting Contours
  - 48.3 ploti: Cell Array Plots
- 49. Mesh-Oriented Commands
  - 49.1 plotm: Plotting Meshes, Boundaries, and Regions
  - 49.2 plotc: Plotting Contours
  - 49.3 plotf: Fillmesh Plot
  - 49.4 plotv: Plotting Vectors
  - 49.5 plotr: Lasnex Rayplots
- 50. Polygonal-Mesh Commands
  - 50.1 plotp: Plotting Polygonal Meshes
  - 50.2 plotpf: Polygonal Fillmesh Plot
- 51. Surface Plot Commands
  - 51.1 srfplot: 3-D Surface Plot
  - 51.2 isoplot: 3-D Isosurface Plot
- 52. Frame Control
  - 52.1 frame: Set Frame Limits
  - 52.2 nf: New Frame
  - 52.3 sf: Show Frame
  - 52.4 undo: Undo a Plot Command
- 53. Axes, Titles and Text
  - 53.1 Changing Autograph Parameters
  - 53.2 titles: Put Titles on a Plot
  - 53.3 text: Put Text in the Interior of a Plot
  - 53.4 ftext: Put Text Anywhere in a Frame
  - 53.5 Text Quality and Optional Fonts
- 54. Stream Output to Graphics
- 55. Quadrant Mode
- 56. Interactive Graphics Tools
  - 56.1 General Graphics Applications
  - 56.2 Lasnex-Specific Applications
- 57. Control Variables and Defaults
  - 57.1 EZN Control Variables
  - 57.2 Parameter Access Routines
4 The EZD Interface
- 58. Introduction to EZD
- 59. List of Subroutines
5 Writing Basis Programs, A Manual for Program Authors
6 The Basis Package Library
7 MPPL Reference Manual
- 84. MPPL Reference Manual
Index
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Last modified: November 14, 2007
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